Honest about the risks, and specific about what prevents each one.
Not being able to buy medicine
The Government of Canada states Cuba faces severe medicine shortages including antibiotics and common pain killers, that many prescription medications may not be available, and that good health care is limited in availability with facilities in poor condition lacking basic drugs, supplies and equipment.
Prevention Bring more than you need, in labelled packaging, in hand luggage. Build a real first-aid and self-treatment kit before you go — this is the part we can genuinely help with, and it takes one appointment.
Dengue
Named by both sources. Carried by daytime-biting mosquitoes, and it can become severe. There is no vaccine or preventive medication available in Canada.
Prevention Repellent through the day, reapplied. Air-conditioned or screened rooms — and remember the air conditioning depends on the power.
Oropouche
Named by both sources. Spread by biting midges rather than mosquitoes, so standard netting misses it, and there is nothing available to prevent it.
Prevention Fine-mesh screens or air conditioning. Repellent on exposed skin at dawn and dusk.
Zika and chikungunya
Both named as risks. Zika can cause serious birth defects and is also sexually transmitted; chikungunya joint pain can persist long after the trip.
Prevention If you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, this belongs in the conversation before you book. Otherwise the same daytime mosquito precautions.
Power cuts
The Government of Canada notes long and unpredictable daily power cuts across the island. Air conditioning, lifts, water pumps and refrigeration are all downstream of it.
Prevention A plan for anything that must stay cold, and a torch. Assume the resort fridge will be off at some point.
Roads
The Government of Canada describes road conditions as poor throughout the island, with poorly maintained roads, missing traffic signs and insufficient lighting. CDC names motor vehicle crashes among the main risks to travellers.
Prevention No night driving. Treat a rental car and an unlit rural road as two separate decisions.
Food and water
The Government of Canada advises avoiding ice cubes in drinks and eating only well-cooked food — plain, and worth following even at an all-inclusive.
Prevention Bottled water, no ice you did not see made, hot food served hot. Rehydration salts in the bag, because replacing them there may not be possible.